Teeth as Reference - Part 1: Incisors-Anterior
Since you and your instructor cannot see what's going on in each other's mouths, our teeth are an important reference for tongue location within the mouth.
Let's start this series with the fact that the tongue should never touch... for any technique... the back (anterior) of your upper front teeth (incisors). Having your tongue protrude this far will still allow you to perform most techniques, but the result is very poor tone. Experiment with draw bending, blow bending (especially blow bending), tongue blocking, slaps, flutters, pulls, pull-slaps, etc.
P.S., see http://www.facebook.com/bluesharmonica for a picture of the teeth with location labels.